kingdom-of-england-circa-1279-1307-undated-item
DenominationGroat (4 Pence)
Country / EmpireKingdom of England
Obverse DesignCrowned bust of King Edward I facing forward, within a tressure of arches. Legend typically reads 'EDWARDVS DI GRA REX ANGL' (Edward, by the Grace of God, King of England).
Reverse DesignLong cross pattée extending to the edge, with three pellets in each quarter. Legend typically reads 'DNS HIBN DVX AQVT' (Lord of Ireland, Duke of Aquitaine) and 'CIVITAS LONDON' (City of London).
Historical Context
This coin represents the first attempt to introduce a four-pence silver coin (groat) into English currency by Edward I, starting in 1279. It was intended to be a larger denomination for trade but was not widely accepted or produced in large quantities during his reign, making surviving examples relatively rare. The design is characteristic of the 'Long Cross' coinage period.
